The Impact of Decentralization on Social Inequality in Thailand

Abstract

This article aims to study the impacts of decentralization on local governance in Thailand. Currently, there is a growing trend toward transferring more power and decision-making authority to the local level. The article analyzes the social impacts resulting from this shift. This study utilizes a qualitative approach by reviewing and analyzing data from relevant research literature to understand the behaviors and opinions of the population regarding issues arising from local decentralization.

The findings indicate that decentralization has both positive and negative effects on social inequality in Thailand: 1) On the positive side, decentralization helps reduce income inequality, particularly in rural areas, by increasing access to public services such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. It also promotes citizen participation in decision-making. 2) On the negative side, decentralization may increase fiscal inequality between localities, potentially lead to corruption, and impose additional workloads and expenses on local governments.

The study suggests that while decentralization impacts social inequality in both positive and negative ways, the government should implement policies and strategies to support effective decentralization. Key strategies include developing local financial systems to reduce fiscal inequality between localities, promoting good governance and oversight of local authorities, and empowering local governments to efficiently manage resources and public services.